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1.
Chinese Journal of Traumatology ; (6): 193-198, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981932

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE@#To identify risk factors for developing pressure ulcers (PUs) in the acute care period of traumatic spinal fracture patients with or without spinal cord injuries (SCIs).@*METHODS@#Data were collected prospectively in participating the National Spinal column/Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR) from individuals with traumatic spinal fractures with or without SCIs, inclusive of the hospital stay from admission to discharge. Trained nursing staff examined the patients for the presence of PUs every 8 h during their hospital stay. The presence and grade of PUs were assessed according to the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel classification. In addition to PU, following data were also extracted from the NSCIR-IR datasets during the period of 2015 - 2021: age, sex, Glasgow coma scale score at admission, having SCIs, marital status, surgery for a spinal fracture, American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (AIS), urinary incontinence, level of education, admitted center, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), hypertension, respiratory diseases, consumption of cigarettes, diabetes mellitus and length of stay in the hospital. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).@*RESULTS@#Altogether 2785 participants with traumatic spinal fractures were included. Among them, 87 (3.1%) developed PU during their hospital stay and 392 (14.1%) had SCIs. In the SCI population, 63 (16.1%) developed PU during hospital stay. Univariate logistic regression for the whole sample showed that marital status, having SCIs, urinary incontinence, level of education, treating center, number of days in the ICU, age, and Glasgow coma scale score were significant predictors for PUs. However, further analysis by multiple logistic regression only revealed the significant risk factors to be the treating center, marital status, having SCIs, and the number of days in the ICU. For the subgroup of individuals with SCIs, marital status, AIS, urinary incontinence, level of education, the treating center, the number of days in the ICU and the number of days in the hospital were significant predictors for PUs by univariate analysis. After adjustment in the multivariate model, the treating center, marital status (singles vs. marrieds, OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.55 - 6.03, p = 0.001), and number of days in the ICU (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.09, p < 0.001) maintained significance.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These data confirm that individuals with traumatic spinal fractures and SCIs, especially single young patients who suffer from urinary incontinence, grades A-D by AIS, prolonged ICU stay, and more extended hospitalization are at increased risk for PUs; as a result strategies to minimize PU development need further refinement.


Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Fractures/etiology , Pressure Ulcer/complications , Iran/epidemiology , Spinal Cord Injuries/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Spine , Registries , Urinary Incontinence/complications , Suppuration/complications
2.
J. bras. pneumol ; 41(4): 389-394, July-Aug. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-759336

ABSTRACT

AbstractObjective: In the antibiotic era, purulent pericarditis is a rare entity. However, there are still reports of cases of the disease, which is associated with high mortality, and most such cases are attributed to delayed diagnosis. Approximately 40-50% of all cases of purulent pericarditis are caused by Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae in particular.Methods: We report four cases of pneumococcal pneumonia complicated by pericarditis, with different clinical features and levels of severity.Results: In three of the four cases, the main complication was cardiac tamponade. Microbiological screening (urinary antigen testing and pleural fluid culture) confirmed the diagnosis of severe pneumococcal pneumonia complicated by purulent pericarditis.Conclusions: In cases of pneumococcal pneumonia complicated by pericarditis, early diagnosis is of paramount importance to avoid severe hemodynamic compromise. The complications of acute pericarditis appear early in the clinical course of the infection. The most serious complications are cardiac tamponade and its consequences. Antibiotic therapy combined with pericardiocentesis drastically reduces the mortality associated with purulent pericarditis.


ResumoObjetivo:Na era dos antibióticos, a pericardite purulenta é uma entidade rara. Entretanto, ainda há relatos de casos da doença, associados a alta mortalidade, muitos deles atribuídos ao diagnóstico tardio. Aproximadamente 40-50% de todos os casos de pericardite purulenta são causados por bactérias gram-positivas, particularmente Streptococcus pneumoniae.Métodos:Relatamos quatro casos de pneumonia pneumocócica complicada por pericardite, com diferentes características clínicas e níveis de gravidade.Resultados:Em três dos quatro casos, a principal complicação foi tamponamento cardíaco. A pesquisa microbiológica (teste de antígeno urinário e cultura de líquido pleural) confirmou o diagnóstico de pneumonia pneumocócica grave complicada por pericardite purulenta.Conclusões:Em casos de pneumonia pneumocócica complicada por pericardite, o pronto diagnóstico é de extrema importância para evitar comprometimento hemodinâmico grave. As complicações da pericardite aguda aparecem no início do curso clínico da infecção. As complicações mais graves são tamponamento cardíaco e suas consequências. A antibioticoterapia com pericardiocentese reduz sobremaneira a mortalidade associada à pericardite purulenta.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pericarditis/complications , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/complications , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Suppuration/complications , Fatal Outcome , Suppuration/microbiology
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 132(11): 1407-1411, nov. 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-391847

ABSTRACT

Bacterial meningitis of otological origin is caused by the pass of bacteria from a suppurated otitis to the central nervous system. Patients subjected to otological surgery have a higher risk of contracting it. We report a 30 years old female with a history of non progressive long lasting hear loss in the left ear, that suffered two episodes of bacterial meningitis after being subjected to a stapedotomy. Temporal CAT scan revealed a malformation of the inner ear. An exploratory tympanostomy showed a perilymphatic fistula that was repaired.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Diagnostic Techniques, Otological , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Meningoencephalitis/surgery , Neisseria meningitidis/isolation & purification , Recurrence , Suppuration/complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Biopsy , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Hospitalization , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology , Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy , Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Vascular Neoplasms/drug therapy
5.
Rev. argent. cir ; 60(5): 140-5, mar.1991. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-105769

ABSTRACT

El trabajo refleja la experiencia en el tratamiento de una complicación quirúrgica infrecuente pero grave la infección de la herida mediana transternal que sirvió de vía de acceso al corazón y a los grandes vasos. Se realizó entre octubre de 1985 y agosto de 1990 en seis centros de cirugía cardiovascular de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Los comunicantes ponen de relieve las virtudes de un sencillo esquema terapéutico que con ligeras variantes han aplicado a casi todos sus casos. Los rasgos más característicos de ese plan son: el empleo de azúcar como agente detersorio y el uso de colgajos musculares, también como agentes detersorio y simultáneamente como elementos de protección y relleno. Se prodigan consejos sobre su elección y sobre el modo más eficaz y menos dañino de manejarlos. Fueron asistidos 206 pacientes, con resultados muy satisfactorios: mortalidad y morbilidad limitadas y pronta recuperación sin secuelas


Subject(s)
Sternum/surgery , Surgical Wound Infection/therapy , Sucrose/therapeutic use , Abdominal Muscles , Carbohydrates/therapeutic use , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Mediastinitis/complications , Mediastinitis/therapy , Pectoralis Muscles , Reoperation , Suppuration/complications , Surgical Flaps
6.
Med. intensiva ; 8(1): 14-21, 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-305696

ABSTRACT

Se evaluaron en forma retrospectiva 114 pacientes egresados del Hospital "Dr. F.J. Muñiz" con diagnóstico de infecciones agudas del sistema nervioso central. Se utilizó como criterio de inclusión, ausencia de patología pleuropulmonar concomitante, que se interpreta como posible factor desencadenante de un cuadro de insuficiencia respiratoria. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a asistencia respiratoria mecánica, por distintos criterios y con diferentes parámetros gasométricos previos. La tasa de letalidad global fue del 44,75 por ciento, hallándose en los pacientes ventilados, gasométricamente normales, previa asistencia respiratoria, el menor índice de letalidad, 13,63 por ciento en contraste con aquellos que fueron sometidos a ventilación mecánica con criterios de insuficiencia respiratoria, cuya mortalidad alcanzó el 61,76 por ciento. A pesar de tratarse de un estudio retrospectivo, se desea hacer hincapié en la necesidad de considerar los mecanismos compensatorios ante la hipertensión endocraneana, la hiperventilación, como una inestabilidad ventilatoria en sí, extremando las precauciones para indicar una asistencia ventilatoria precoz, para asegurar una ventilación alveolar efectiva


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Central Nervous System Infections , Hyperventilation/complications , Brain Abscess , Cerebrum , Hypercapnia , Hypocapnia , Hypoxia , Meningitis, Aseptic/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial , Pulmonary Ventilation , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Insufficiency , Retrospective Studies , Suppuration/complications
7.
Ginecol. & obstet ; 35(7): 20-5, mar. 1989. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-118925

ABSTRACT

Se revisa en forma retrospectiva nueve casos de piometra ocurridos durante un período de 15 años en el Hospital Arzobispo Loayza, Lima*Perú. El diagnóstico fue establecido clínicamente luego de la observación de material purulento que escapaba a través del orificio cervical en forma espontánea o luego de dilatación del cervix. El promedio de edad fue de 52.5 años. Siete pacientes se encontraban en edad post*menopáusica. El síntoma de flujo vaginal como descarga purulenta fétida se presentó en siete pacientes, cinco de las cuales acudieron con fiebre y compromiso del estado general. En ningún caso se encontró asociación con enfermedad maligna del cervix o útero. En seis casos se encontró útero aumentado de tamaño y, en todos los casos, este fue doloroso a la palpación. El diagnóstico preoperatorio fue hecho en cuatro casos. Los resultados bacteriológicos son limitados por no haberse hecho cultivos para anaerobios. Todas las pacientes recibieron tratamiento médico y quirúrgico, y su evolución fue favorable. Se discute los resultados basados en una revisión bibliográfica actualizada


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Suppuration/complications , Uterus/pathology , Peru , Genital Neoplasms, Female/complications , Hysterectomy , Suppuration/diagnosis , Suppuration/etiology
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